Anak Krakatau

Crater summit Anak Krakatau.

Anak Krakatau eruption

Strombolian eruption of Anak Krakatau.

Anak Krakatau eruption

Explosive eruption of Anak Krakatau

Ujung Kulon National Park

The Javan Rhinoceros Sondaicus.

Cigenter River Ujung Kulon National Park

Canoeing along Cigenter River searching for The Javan Rhinoceros.

Baduy Tribe

Group of Baduy Tribe traveling on bare foot.

Putri Carita Fall or Little Green Canyon Banten

One of beautiful and excotic waterfall nearby Carita Beach.

Krakatau Camp Tour

Explore Krakatau for two days 1 night by night in the tent.

Krakatau underwater

Explore underwater around Krakatau.

Krakatau and Island surrounding

Walking along the beach while seeing an amazing view.

Anak Krakatau

Climbing through the desert to get outer rim.

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Phreatic eruption


Phreatic eruption

Phreatomagmatic eruptions are eruptions that arise from interactions between water and magma. They are driven from thermal contraction (as opposed to magmatic eruptions, which are driven by thermal expansion) of magma when it comes in contact with water. This temperature difference between the two causes violent water-lava interactions that make up the eruption. The products of phreatomagmatic eruptions are believed to be more regular in shape and finer grained than the products of magmatic eruptions because of the differences in eruptive mechanisms. There is debate about the exact nature of phreatomagmatic eruptions, and some scientists believe that fuel-coolant reactions may be more critical to the explosive nature than thermal contraction. Fuel coolant reactions may fragment the volcanic material by propagating stress waves, widening cracks and increasing surface area that ultimetly lead to rapid cooling and explosive contraction-driven eruptions.